Lyophilization excipients are substances added to the formulation during the freeze-drying process to enhance the stability, solubility, and overall performance of the product. These excipients play a crucial role in protecting the integrity of the active ingredients and ensuring the success of the lyophilization process. Common lyophilization excipients include cryoprotectants, bulking agents, and stabilizers. Cryoprotectants […]
Glossary
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Tag: amino acids
Albumin
Albumin is a water-soluble protein found in blood plasma and bodily fluids. It is synthesized primarily in the liver and serves various physiological functions in the body. Some key roles of albumin include maintaining oncotic pressure (which helps regulate fluid balance between blood and tissues), transporting various substances such as hormones, fatty acids, and drugs […]
Peptides
Peptides are short chains of amino acids, typically consisting of fewer than 50 amino acids, linked together by peptide bonds. They are fundamental components of proteins, which are essential for various biological functions in living organisms. Peptides can be naturally occurring or synthetic and play crucial roles in biological signaling, enzymatic activity, immune response, and […]
Glucagon
Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. Glucagon acts in opposition to insulin, another pancreatic hormone, by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream. This process, known as glycogenolysis, helps raise […]
GGT
GGT stands for Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, which is an enzyme found in various tissues throughout the body, with particularly high levels in the liver, bile ducts, and kidneys. GGT plays a role in the metabolism of glutathione, a molecule involved in antioxidant defense and detoxification processes within cells. GGT catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl groups from […]